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Vaginal microorganisms are vaginal florathe organism on which the woman's health depends. To study it, take a gynecological smear, in the decipherment of which, normally lactic bacteria should predominate over pathogenic in the microflora of the vagina.

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Preparatory activities Before you pass the analysis you need to prepare: • 14 days before the study, do not take antibiotics; • for three days - do not administer vaginally drugs that have a contraceptive, antiseptic and antibacterial effect; • for two days - not to enter into sexual intimacy; • a day before going to the doctor not to take a bath; • not douche; • before a visit to the doctor to conduct hygienic procedures of the genitals; • three hours before the procedure, do not empty the bladder; • Do not take the test during menstruation. In the case of permanent medical treatment a woman should be warned by a doctor and tell what medications she is taking.

Failure to comply with these simple rules will distortresults, which, in turn, will affect the diagnosis of pathology. It is desirable for all women to undergo bacteriological examination once every six months. Collection of biological material To conduct research and decipher the gynecological smear is taken from the urethra, cervical canal and vaginal walls.

Explore the microflora and determine the degree of purity. The procedure for taking material is carried out with a spatula or special blade and is performed in the following cases: • preventive examination; • prophylactic medical examination; • complaints of women: a burning sensation and itching of the genitals, pain near the pubic area, excretion. In order to take a smear common gynecological(the transcript is given below), a gynecological mirror is inserted into the woman's vagina, through which the cervix and the vaginal walls are visible. In girls and women who do not have sexual relations (virgins), regardless of the age category, this tool is not used. Gynecological smear: transcript. Norms In the female genitourinary system, the norm isapproximately 40 different types of microorganisms, most of which are lactobacilli. A healthy woman normally determines up to 95% of lactic acid bacteria.

Lactic acid maintains an acidic environment in the vagina and rapidly suppresses pathogens. Another part of the flora is Klebsiella, intestinalsticks, corynebacteria, staphylococci, gardnerelles, mycocci, peptostreptococcus, eubacteria and others. The presence of a minimum number of candida fungi is also acceptable. Causes of abnormalities In some cases, the immunity decreases (menopause,pregnancy or other hormonal failure, stressful situations), in this case the doctor can prescribe a gynecological smear for the general flora. Decoding it will show how the quantitative composition of bacteria has changed.

Normal microflora decreases, and as a consequence, the susceptibility to genital tract infections increases due to an increase in opportunistic microorganisms: streptococci, Escherichia coli, Staphylococci. With a weak immune system, disease-causing organisms multiply with great speed and actively suppress milk microorganisms. As a result, pathology develops: gardenelosis, candidiasis or vaginal dysbiosis, which provokes: • inflammation of the appendages and uterus; • ectopic pregnancy; • the birth of a premature baby; • miscarriage; • infertility. What is the purpose of the analysis Research and decoding of gynecologicalstroke allows you to timely diagnose various diseases of the sexual sphere of a woman, as well as assess microbial contamination, including the qualitative and quantitative composition of microorganisms, the state of the epithelial tissues of the vagina, the presence of inflammatory processes.

This type of study is called the gold standard for the detection of bacterial vaginosis. Dysbacteriosis of the vagina: the main causes If a gynecological smear was taken and its interpretation showed the presence of dysbiosis, the reasons could be as follows: • hormonal imbalance (a small amount of estrogen); • metabolic disease; • long-term use of antibacterial agents of a wide spectrum of action; • inaccuracies in observing the rules of personal hygiene of the genitals. Analysis results In the laboratory of a medical organization, a gynecological smear is examined. Explanation: • Leukocytes.For the cervical canal, the presence of up to 30 cells in the field of vision is considered normal, for the urethra within 5, for the vagina - no more than 10. A small number of white blood cells protects the genitals, and their growth indicates the presence of inflammation: urethritis, colpitis, cervicitis. In the case of the acute phase of the inflammatory process, the number of leukocytes exceeds 100 cells in the field of view.